Calculating machine



1942- F. J. BERRENDORF ET AL 2,305,339

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 2'7, 1938 '7 'Sheefcs-Sheet l /nveniormFJ Berr'enelorf and R. Rea Ln 1942- F. J. BERRENDORF ET AL 2,303,839"

CALCULATING MACHINE Dec- 22, 1942 F. J. BERRENDORF ET AL 2,305,839

CALCULATING MACHINE- F'iled Sept. 27, 19158 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 lawlnvenlo/q. FJ: Bel-render and Rfiexdn V Q MW I Dec. 22, 1942- F. J.BERRENDORF ET AL 2,305,839

' CALCULATING MACHINE Filed Sept. 27, 1938 '7 Sheets-Sheet 4 /n venlom;

FJ: B G IBTzcZor-f 372d RLRexL n Dec. 22, 1942. F. J. BERRENDQRF ETAL2,305,839

CALCULATING MACHINE Fil ed Sept. 27, 1938 I 7 Sheets-Sheet 5 In venzanrF. J. BERRENDORF ET AL 3,305,339

Dec. 22, 1942.

' CALCULATING MACHINE filed Sept. .27, 1958 4 '7 Sheets-Sheet '7lnvenioq I FJBer-renalorf B anal RRexn Y'Wflomeya Patented Dec. 22, 1942CALCULATING MACHINE Franz Josef Berrendori', oberndort-on-the-Neckar,and Reinhard Rexin, Aistaig-on-the-Neclrar, Germany; vested in the AlienProperty Custodian Application September 27, 1938, Serial No. 231,988

In Germany September 27, 1937 Claims.

This invention relates to a calculating machine, and more particularlyto a ten-key calculating machine, and has for its object to provideimproved means for simplifying the design and the performance of themachine. In particular there is obtained in comparison with the knownmachines of this kind a reduction in the time required in carrying out acycle or calculating operation.

Additional features of the invention will be" come apparent as thedescription proceeds.

The invention will be described more iuily in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, which illustrate solely by way of example certainembodiments of a ten-key calculating ma chine constructed in accordancewith the invention.

Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of one of the adjustment bars. and thepins carrying slide oi the machine in the initial position.

Fig. 2 is a similar view of the parts with the pins carrying slide inthe operative position.

Fig. 3 is a plan view of all adjustment bars with the pins carryingslide, the keys being indicated in dash-dotted lines.

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the locking bar with the lever adaptedfor its suspension.

Fig. 5 shows diagrammatically an elevational view of the machinehavingthe depressible hand lever provided in place of the conventionalcrankhandle.

Fig. 6 is a, plan view of Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a view of the hand drive similar to Fig. 6 in the position ofrest, whilst Fig. 8 is a plan view of Fig. 7.

Figs. 9, l0 and 11 are elevational views of the hand drive in variouspositions of operation.

Fig. 9 showing the position of the partsv following the first idlemovement,

Fig. 1c the position of the parts after the working movement, and y Fig.11 the position of the parts following the second idle movement in thereverse direction.

Figs. 12 to 17 show details of the line spacing mechanism and theappertaining drive.

Fig., 12 is a view of the platen in the elevated position. v

Fig. 13 is a similar view with rocked platen for impression of thetypes.

Fig. 14 illustrates a modified form of the spacing mechanism with theplaten in the position according to Fig. 13.

Fig. 151's an elevational view of the platen drive in the position ofrest, with the casing in section.

Fig. 16'is a view of the Operating lever mechanism for the platenshortly before thefrelease of the pawl and before the movement of theplaten against the types.

Fig. 17 shows another position of the parts after. the platen has movedagainst the types.

Figs. 18 to 20 are elevational, plan and bottom views respectively ofthe machine casing.

In the drawings the numeral I is employed to designate thedifferentially settable slotted adjustment bars, which serve to registera number in the accumulator (not shown) and one of which is provided foreach decimal order and possesses an upwardly extending projection 24.

To the upwardly extending rear abutments 2 of the bars i there arepivoted Figs. 1' to 3 type carrying bars 3 and also the racks 4 whichserve to operate the numeral wheels of the accumulator. The bars I areconnected by means of springs 5 to setting members 6 (Figs. 1 and 2).The bars 9 and the setting members 6 are mutually guided in pairs andare held in telescoped position by their appertaining springs 5 (Fig.1). Each setting member 6 is provided with a hookshaped coup-ling leverl, the other arm 8 ofwhich before the setting of a number is held inelevated position by a locking bar 9, so that the operating bolt I0reciprocated by the machine drive is able to reciprocate freely in theslot in the adjustment bar, and accordingly neither the type bars 3 northe racks can be actuated by the setting members 6, the springs 5 andthe bars I.

The locking bar 9 comprises two steps ii and I2 (Fig. 4). Against thestep ii there bear the arms 8 of the coupling levers prior to thesetting of a number,- whilst the second step It of the locking bar issituated at a somewhat lower levelthan the step ll, the connectingportionbetween the two steps being inclined so that the arms 8 of thecoupling levers 1 sliding thereon can not only be lowered but alsoraised. The lowering of a coupling arm 8 and accordingly the engagementof the corresponding coupling lever I for the purpose of establishingthe driving connection between the bolt l0 and the setting member 5carrying the coupling lover 7 takes place after eachsetting ofa numberin the pins carrying slide l4.

For'this purpose the locking bar 9 is provided with upwardly bent arms45, by means of which it is suspended at the bearing points I6 on leversI1 pivotally mounted on either side of the slide I4. A spring 20(Fig. 1) engaging on the one hand with the stud l8 on the lever i1 andon the other hand with the stud l9 on the pin carriage H tends to drawthe locking bar 9 upwards against a. stop 2| on the slide H. To preventan oscillating action of the bar 9 on the levers 11 there is preferablyprovided a yoke 22, which is mounted in suitable fashion on the frame ofthe machine. By depression of one of the keys -9 the corresponding pinof the effective row of pins of the slide it is moved into the path ofmovement of one of the bars 1. Upon release of the key the pin carriageadvances in the usual manner by one decimal point, and in consequencethe locking bar 9 mounted on this car rlage by means of the levers I! isdisplaced,with the efiect that the arm of the coupling lever 1 bearingagainst the step ll of the locking bar 9 slips down on to the step l2,whereby the particular setting member or the appertaining bar.

I is coupled with the bolt ID. The end of the coupling lever l slidesdown the incline between the steps ii and I2 but not far enough for thehook of the lever to engage behind the lower step II, as shown in dottedlines in Fig. 2. Therefore in this last-named position of the lever I ofcoupling engagement with the bolt lo, the lever I is not arrested in itsmovement to the right, by the step l2. This operation is repeated withrespect to each new digit. If, therefore, a four-figure number isconcerned (Fig. 3), the slide or carriage H has advanced by four steps,

v and in consequence an equal number of coupling levers I have beenmoved into the coupling position. Upon movement of the handle, or upondepression of a hand lever provided in place of such handle, the fourcoupled setting members 6 operate the appertaining bars I by means ofthe springs 5. The projections 24 on the bars i then strike against thepins 23 obstructing their path. The bars '3 remain stationary, whilstthe setting members 6, whilst tensioning the springs 5, continue to moveuntil the 91stop 25 has been reached.

The return movement occurs thereupon. In

it is accomplished that the force necesr depression of the said handlever or for turning the handle is small, as only those springs tnsionedwhich belong to the adjustment come-n e. in the setting up of a figure,

'" of the remaining bars remain in the case of a calculating maby amotor the output of the latter ely be small.

order to dispense with the conventional type of handle employed incalculating machines, which handle for each operation requires to beturned forwards and backwards to the extent of almost 180, so that aconsiderable amount of time is wasted. by the large extent of movementin relation to the setting up of a number, this handle is constructedaccording to the invention in the form of a depressible-lever, which isso arranged to the side of the machine that it can be depressed by thepalm of the hand of the operator whose fingers are on the keys, thislever merely requiring to be moved to the extent of approximately 3" forthe purpose of completing an operation. A spring tensioned upon thedepression Of the lever returns the latter into its initial position.

A lever of this nature, which requires very little additional space andaccordingly permits of a compact of the machine, enables the hand th tobe held quit-s1 iral se of a ten-key ca oi Kerr: a

obliquely. The zero key is so arranged to the side of the remaining keysand provided with an elongated head or button the same can be readilydepressed at any time by the thumb.

In Fig. 5 the hand lever 52 provided with a pressure button 64 ismounted to rock about a shaft 53 carried by a bracket 54 of the machine.Firmly mounted on the shaft 53 is a lever 55, which represents anextension of the lever 52 and engages by means of a link 56 with theshort arm 51 of an angle lever 58. This angle lever 51, 58 is mountedfirmly on the shaft 3'1, at the opposite end of which there is secured alever 50 (Fig. 6). The longer arm 58 of the angle lever 51, 58 and thecorresponding arm 69 on the opposite side of the machine are eachpivoted to a connecting rod 6|, at the front ends of which there areprovided longitudinal slots 62, which serve to accommodate the bolt 10.

The head or button 54 provided on the lever 52 is preferably of convexform for ready engagement with the hand. The three rows of keys 1-9 arepreferably disposed obliquely in relation to the platen 3|, so that inuse the machine is disposed quite vertically to the line of vision ofthe operator without it being necessary for the hand operating machineto be held in a cramped position.

In Figs. '7 to 11 the arrangement of the hand lever 52 and itsconnection with the rods BI is the same as in Figs. 5 and 6. The twoconnecting rods 6| are again provided with longitudinal slots 62 adaptedto receive the bolt Hi. The said slots 62 have the object of permittinga sta-- tionary condition of the adjustment bars, or of the common boltI0 respectively, despite the movement of the rods 6|. In the position ofrest of the parts (Fig. 7) pawls 65, which are mounted on the base plateof the machine by screws 56, are pressed upwards by fiat springs 61 intoposition preventing movement of the bolt [0 to the right, Fig. 7.

Another set of pawls 68, which are pivoted 69 to the connecting rods iiiand are acted upon by springs 10, normally have their ends ll resting onblocks 12 and are thus withheld from action on the bolt ill. When thelever 5?: i depressed by the hand of the operator the rods (it are movedto the rear by means of the links and the angle levers above described.The belt ll], however, is at first held by the pawls 65 but after acertain movement of the rods 5! care. edges l3 on. these rods engagepins it secured to the pawls 65 and press the front ends of these pawlsdownwards, whereby the bolt 10 is freed for movement in the rearwarddirection in the slots 62 of the rods 61. At the same time the ends llof the pawls 68 slide off the blocks 12, and the pawls 68 are acted uponby the springs "Ill to engage the bolt I0, whereby in the furtherbackward and forward movement of the rods 6|, said bolt remains rigidlycoupled to the latter. It is only when the ends of-the pawls 68 duringthe forward movement of the rods 6|, encounter the blocks 12 that thesepawls again release the bolt 10 for displacement in the longitudinalslots 62, until the bolt [0 again engages the pawls 65, and is arrestedwhile the rods 6| continue to advance into the position of rest, Fig. 7.

During this idle movement a (Fig, 9) the bars i and the bolt IQ commonthereto remain stat1onar A cycle of operations has thus been 0 cyclecomprises both upon the well upon the or the action a thereof u?returning spring (not shown) the two idle strokes a. and c, betweenwhich there occurs the displacement of the adjustment bars I along thestroke b. The bars I, can only be moved up to the 9-stop 25. The boltIII, however, is moved farther through the stroke 0. Therefore, the saidstroke c as well as theidle stroke a signify a position of rest for thebars I and the racks 4.

The single distances a, b and c correspond to the angles a, p and -y ofthe main shaft 31. Accordingto the invention the angles a and y areutilised for the inward and outward rocking movement of the accumulator,for the engagement of the tens actuating lever and for carrying out thetens carrying step.

As explained, therefore, a cycle of operations comprises-not only uponthe depression but also upon the return movement of the hand lever anidle movement and a working movement, an idle movement initiating andcompleting the cycle.

The platen 3| of the machine possesses at either end ratchet wheels 32,which are'engaged by a preferably spring-controlled pawl 33 and permitof rotation of the platen only in the one direction.- The shaft 34 ofthe platen 3| is carried by two pivoted arms 35,- which are capable ofrocking freely about a shaft mounted in the casing 36 of the machine.This shaft is either the same shaft 31 on which there are mounted thelevers 58 and 60 for the adjustment bars I, assuming that type wheels 3aare employed driven by racks 3b (Figs. 12 and 13) or, if type bars 3(Fig. are used, is a shaft 4| parallel to the shaft 31. In theembodiment shown in Figs. 12 and 13 the paper roller 38 is mounted ininterchangeable fashion in the casing 36, and the strip of paper 39leading from the roller 38 to the platen 3| is held in a flat conditionagainst the platen by means of the conventional pressure rolls 40.

The type wheels 3a in the embodiment shown in Figs. 12 and'13 projectwith their type adjusted by the racks 3b to such extent beyond the upperwall of the machine casing 35 that a clear impression is produced uponcontact with the rocked platen 3|. v

A pawl 43, which engages with a tooth of the ratchet wheel 32, ismounted in direct fashion on a stationary eccentric disk 44, anddescribes with its free end upon the rocking of the platen an arc, theradius of which as compared with the arc of the line last printed uponcontact with the types on the type wheel 3a is smaller to the extent ofapproximately one line spacing. The web of paper 39 accordingly retainsits po sition on the platen when the latter is rocked downwards, whilstthe pawl 43 moves into engagement with the next tooth. If the platen 3|is thereupon rocked back into the initial position, an advance orspacing occurs to the extent of one line.

44 under the action of a' spring 41.

This movement is readily braked by the web of paper 39 withdrawn fromthe The drive of the printing mechanism takes place through the mediumof the link (Figs. 15-17) connecting a lever 8| with the lever 58. Thelever 8| is pivoted on the shaft 4| and drives the supporting lever 35for the platen 3|. There are also secured to the shaft 4| a lever 42,which is acted upon by a spring 83 connected between the levers 42 and8|, and a pawl 84, which cooperates with a notch in a bell crank lever85.

This bell crank lever 85 is pivotally mounted on a stud 91, and is actedupon by a spring 81 engaging the frame of the machine. The second arm ofthe bell crank lever is furnished with a bevelled edge 88.

Upon depression of the operating lever 52 the bell crank lever 58 isrocked in the manner previously described, so that the link 80 moves thelever 8| upwards and thereby tensions the spring 83. This is possiblebecause the lever 42 is held by the pawl 84 (Fig. 16). At the same timethe lower end of the link 88 moves on to the bevelled edge 86 of thebell crank 85 and causes the latter to rock about the stud 91 until thepawl 84 has been released. The then released spring 83 pulls the lever42 behind it and the platen is actuated by the lever 88 into contactwith the types. Upon this movement the line spacing action takes placewith the aid of the pawl 43 in the manner described above. The bellcrank lever 85 is returned by a spring 81 into the position of rest, inwhich the supporting levers 35 for the platen 31 are locked in position.This movement is effected by means of a stud 98 on which the spring 83is fixed.

The fornpof the casing is shown in Figs. 18 to 20. For the purpose ofready replacement of a roll of paper 38 the rear part 88 ofthe casing 36is designed in the form of a folding cover, for which purpose hinges 89are provided on both parts of the casing.

The machine rests firmly on three feet 90, 9| and 92, of which the rearone 90 is secured below the printing mechanism to the base plate 94 atthe centre thereof, whilst of the two front feet 9| and 92, the foot 92situated below the operating lever 52 can be moved into the positionshown in full lines in Fig. 20, thus providing support directly belowthe operating lever 52.

For carrying the machine this foot 92 is moved into position below thebase plate, and at the same time the operating lever 52 with the head 64is removed, so that no parts project beyond the machine casing. The foot92 is situated on an arm 93, which can be rocked about the stud 95between the stops 96.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of our saidinvention, and in what manner the same is to be performed, we declarethat what we claim is:

l. A ten key calculating machine of the type having an oscillatableplaten cooperating with an ordinal group of type carrying members,comprising in combination: a plurality of differentially settableslotted bars respectively connected to said type carrying members, aplurality of setting members movably connected to said slotted bars,coupling members carried by said setting members, spring meansconnecting said setting members with said slotted bars, a drive boltcommon to all said bars and movable in the slots thereof, means forengaging the coupling mem bers of selected setting members with saidbolt whereby such setting members actuate said slotted bars through saidsprings, and means for actuating said bolt.

2. A tenkey calculating machine of the type having an oscillatableplaten'cooperating with an ordinal group of type carrying members,comprising in combination: a plurality of differentially settableslotted bars respectively connected to said type carrying members, aplurality of setting members movably connected to said slotted bars,coupling members carried by said setting members, spring meansconnecting said settingmembers with said slotted bars, a drive boltcommon to all said bars and movable in the slots thereof, means forengaging the coupling members of selected setting members with said boltwhereby such setting members actuate said slotted bars through saidsprings, reciprocatory connecting rod means engaging said bolt at spacedpoints thereof, a lever fulcrumed, rearwardly of the bolt and having apalm operated head on its forward end, and a link system connecting therear end of said lever to said connecting rod means.

3. A machine according to claim 2 in which the link system has atransmission ratio such that rocking the palm lever through not over 30produces a full stroke of said bolt and in which the keys of the machineare arranged in oblique rows adjacent the head of the palm operatedlever. whereby said keys and lever 'are operable by one hand.

4. A ten key calculating machine of the type having an oscillatableplaten cooperating with an ordinal group of type carrying members,comprising in combination: a plurality of differentially settableslotted bars respectively connected to said type carrying members, aplurality of setting members movably connected to the slotted bars,coupling members carried by said setting members, spring meansconnecting said setting members with said slotted bars, a drive boltcommon to all said bars and movable in the slots thereof, means forengaging the coupling members of selected setting members with said boltwhereby such setting members actuate said slotted bars through saidsprings, a manually actuable rock lever, connections for driving saidbolt from said lever, and means in said connections for coupling therock lever to the bolt through a portion only of the rocking movement ofsaid lever.

5. A machine according to claim 4 in which the means for coupling therock lever to the bolt include a pawl on a stationary pivot engaging thebolt when the latter is in position of rest a pawl carried by one of thedriving connections and adapted to engage the bolt during its travel,means to trip said pawls to bolt disengaging positions at determinedpoints of travel of said driving connection, and a lost motion jointbetween said drive connection and the bolt effective while said bolt isheld by said stationarily pivoted pawl.

FRANZ J OSEF BERREN'DORF. REINHARD REXIN.

